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| IAS Commentaries
These Commentaries, including all information, text, graphics, images, and other material are for general educational purposes only and are not intended to be used for the purposes of providing medical treatment or attention or making medical or health-related decisions. These Commentaries are not a substitute or replacement for medical advice. If you are seeking medical advice, we encourage you to consult a physician or other medical professional. The views expressed in these Commentaries are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of IAS. Role Of ß2-Adrenergic Receptor In Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Magnesium Intake, Metabolic Abnormalities, and Inflammation Could Intramural Stresses Actually Be The True Culprits In Atherosclerosis Genesis And Progression? A Novel Index Of Insulin Resistance: Homeostasis Model Assessment Index Modified With Adiponectin (HOMA-AD) The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is globally increasing and about 18 million people die every year from this disease in the world. Such a health problem is closely correlated with the growing prevalence of metabolic disorders, such as visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. These metabolic abnormalities are considered to stand on the same pathogenic background, that is, insulin resistance... BMI, Waist-To-Hip Ratio, Waist Circumference, Waist-To-Height Ratio – How Should We Define Obesity? Harald Jörn Schneider, Ph.D. It has long been known that excess body fat is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The WHO recommends the use of the body mass index (BMI) to define overweight and obesity, even though it also encourages measures of abdominal obesity. In the recent years it has become clear that mainly visceral, rather than subcutanuous fat, is associated with cardiovascular risk. Thus, it seems obvious that measures of abdominal obesity should be more accurate in determining the amount of dangerous excess body fat than simple BMI... Proteinase-Activated Receptors: New Therapeutic Targets In Vascular Diseases The Effect Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation On Components Of The Metabolic Syndrome Sinead Toomey, Jolene McMonagle, and Helen Roche, BSc MSc PhD The metabolic syndrome is a common multi-component disorder resulting from shared genetic and environmental factors. The clinical characteristics of the disease include abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension [1]. The occurrence of at least three of these conditions define the presence of the metabolic syndrome, which in turn predicts the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)... Weight Maintenance and Risk for Atherosclerosis – A Commentary with an Emphasis on Oxidized LDL Obesity is beyond reasonable doubt one of most essential risk factors recognized for several diseases. As a focus of research it is most intriguing: it is both simple and challenging at the same time. Its simplicity lies in the mechanism of its development: there is a positive energy balance, i.e. more energy (food) is ingested than is consumed. Obesity is also simple to measure. But for more scientific and accurate analysis of body composition, also more sophisticated, repeatable and objective methods are available (e.g. underwater weighing, bioimpedance, skinfolds). The Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Endogenous Secretory Receptor for Ages (Esrage) As a Novel Biomarker for Cardiovascular Diseases Matrix Metalloproteinases as a Marker of Atherosclerosis Reza Forough, Ph.D. and Gregory J. Dehmer It is well established that cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the U.S. Identifying predictive markers for cardiovascular diseases could provide helpful new tools to better assess the state of disease and perhaps identify the need for preventative treatments at a point in time when they will likely have the greatest impact. In addition to its temporal appearance in relation to a particular disease, an ideal biomarker is also characterized by its stability, abundance, specificity, and ease of measurement and acquisition... Is Intimal-Medial Thickness A Proper Surrogate Marker For Smoking-Associated Atherosclerosis? Amy Z. Fan, M.D., Ph.D. Although cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for atherosclerosis, the exact mechanism causing smoking-related damage to the arterial wall and its relation to the atherosclerotic process is not fully understood. Also unknown is the natural course between the start of smoking and the sequence of functional and morphologic changes occurring in the arterial wall caused by smoking... Read Entire Commentary Why Do Some Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Survive So Long? Lipid Management in Women Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death for women in the United States, entailing greater mortality among women than all other causes of death combined [1]. Although clinical manifestations of CHD in women lag behind those in men by about a decade, as the U.S. population ages progressively, a coronary epidemic among older women is likely unless successful preventive interventions are aggressively undertaken across the lifespan... The Metabolic Syndrome Is No Better than Its Components Two recent papers have independently addressed the question of whether the metabolic syndrome predicts coronary heart disease risk above and beyond its individual components, and the answer is that it doesn't. Where does this new evidence leave us and where do we go from here? |
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